library(nycflights13)
library(tidyverse)
Registered S3 methods overwritten by 'ggplot2':
method from
[.quosures rlang
c.quosures rlang
print.quosures rlang
[37m── [1mAttaching packages[22m ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse 1.2.1 ──[39m
[37m[32m✔[37m [34mggplot2[37m 3.0.0 [32m✔[37m [34mpurrr [37m 0.2.5
[32m✔[37m [34mtibble [37m 1.4.2 [32m✔[37m [34mdplyr [37m 0.7.6
[32m✔[37m [34mtidyr [37m 0.8.3 [32m✔[37m [34mstringr[37m 1.3.1
[32m✔[37m [34mreadr [37m 1.1.1 [32m✔[37m [34mforcats[37m 0.3.0[39m
[37m── [1mConflicts[22m ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
[31m✖[37m [34mdplyr[37m::[32mfilter()[37m masks [34mstats[37m::filter()
[31m✖[37m [34mdplyr[37m::[32mlag()[37m masks [34mstats[37m::lag()[39m
install.packages("nycflights13")
Error in install.packages : Updating loaded packages
"nycflights13"
[1] "nycflights13"
?flights
flights
filter(flights, arr_delay >= 2) #1
filter(flights, dest == "IAH") #2
airlines
filter(flights, (carrier == "UA" | carrier == "AA" | carrier == "DL")) #3
filter(flights, (month == 7 | month == 8 | month == 9)) #4
filter(flights, arr_delay > 2, dep_delay == 0) #5
filter(flights, dep_delay <= 1, air_time >= 30) #6
filter(flights, (dep_time >= 0000 | dep_time <= 600)) #7
Restarting R session...
It finds the values between two values. This code could have been useful for number 7.
dep<-select(flights, dep.time)
is.na.data.frame(flights)
year month day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time arr_delay
[1,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[2,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[3,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[4,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[5,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[6,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[7,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[8,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[9,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[10,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[11,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[12,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[13,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[14,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[15,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[16,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[17,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[18,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[19,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[20,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[21,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[22,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[23,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[24,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[25,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[26,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[27,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[28,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[29,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[30,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[31,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[32,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[33,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[34,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[35,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[36,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[37,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[38,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[39,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[40,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[41,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[42,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[43,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[44,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[45,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[46,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[47,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[48,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[49,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[50,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[51,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[52,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
carrier flight tailnum origin dest air_time distance hour minute time_hour
[1,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[2,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[3,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[4,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[5,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[6,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[7,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[8,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[9,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[10,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[11,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[12,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[13,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[14,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[15,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[16,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[17,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[18,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[19,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[20,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[21,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[22,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[23,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[24,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[25,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[26,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[27,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[28,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[29,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[30,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[31,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[32,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[33,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[34,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[35,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[36,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[37,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[38,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[39,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[40,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[41,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[42,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[43,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[44,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[45,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[46,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[47,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[48,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[49,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[50,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[51,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[52,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
[ reached getOption("max.print") -- omitted 336724 rows ]
These aren’t missing because those would have to be exactly present in the data.
arrange(flights)
arrange(flights, desc(dep_delay)) #2
arrange(flights, desc(air_time)) #3
Flight 15 travelled the longest while flight 167 traveled the shortest.
select(flights, dep.time, dep_delay, arr_time, arr_delay)
This code only shows the values from the columns that I put in the code.
This doesn’t surprise me because every column shown has “time” in the title just like we had asked for in the code.
transmute(flights,
sched_arr_time - dep_time)
select(flights, air_time)
transmute(flights,
arr_time - dep_time)
The calculation has larger numbers.
select(flights, dep_time, sched_dep_time, dep_delay)
dep_time should be the same number as sched_dep_time and dep_delay should be zero.
?min_rank
1:3 + 1:10
longer object length is not a multiple of shorter object length
[1] 2 4 6 5 7 9 8 10 12 11
Results in an error because these ratios cannot be used as values to use for calculations.
R provides tangent, cosine, sin, and their inverses.
You can use group_by(), summarise(), count(), sum(), and ungroup() Departure delay is more important.
Departure delay is more important.
?sort
It sorts data frames.
When mutate is combined to grouping, the new column made is grouped and ordered by the variables given in the code.
arrange(flights, desc(tailnum))
arrange(flights, min_rank(dep_delay))
You should leave around 8pm.
flights %>%
group_by(dest) %>%
select(dest)
?lag